Look at these words for mother: madre in Spanish, mutter in German, mata in Sanskrit, and mother in English. They sound oddly similar, and that is no accident. Long ago, scholars noticed that languages from places as far apart as India and Ireland shared matching words. It was a huge clue. These languages were not strangers at all, they were cousins, all descended from one much older language.
⚡ DID YOU KNOW?
Words that match across related languages are called cognates. Spotting cognates is how language detectives prove two languages are related.