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⚛️ KNOW SECONDARY · AGES 12–18

PHYSICS

⚛️ From Newton's Apple to Quantum Weirdness!

📖 350 Topics 🆓 FREE + PRO ⏱️ 5 min per comic 🧠 Quiz included
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ANCIENT
Water studied in sealed vessels
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1640s
Pascal proves pressure spreads evenly
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1790s
Hydraulic press invented
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1900s
Hydraulic brakes on cars
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TODAY
Hydraulics power heavy machinery
💧 FLUID PRESSURE
TOPIC 18 · PHYSICS · PASCAL · HYDRAULICS · FLOW
PAGE 1 OF 5, FORCE IN A FLUID
FLUID BASICS
Comic illustration of pressure spreading through liquid inside a sealed container
PRESSURE PUSHES ON EVERY SURFACE
A fluid is any substance that flows: liquids like water and oil, and gases like air. When you squeeze a fluid, it pushes back. Pressure measures how hard a force acts over an area: P = F ÷ A, where P is pressure, F is force, and A is area. Push on a small area and pressure skyrockets. Spread the same force over a larger area and pressure drops. Liquids are nearly incompressible, meaning you cannot squeeze them into a much smaller volume. Instead of squashing, liquid transmits force through pipes, pistons, and sealed systems.
💧 PRESSURE FORMULA
P = F ÷ A. Pressure equals force divided by area. Same force on a smaller area means higher pressure.
SQUEEZE!
LIQUIDS
Comic illustration showing liquid molecules packed tightly and barely compressible
💧 Liquids barely compress
🔄 Force moves, volume stays same
🔒 Ideal for sealed hydraulic systems
ENCLOSED FLUID
Comic illustration of force applied to liquid inside a closed pipe system
🔧 Sealed pipes carry pressure
⬆️ Push one end, other end feels it
📐 Same pressure at every depth (in a static fluid)
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